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Best YouTube video downloaders to download free YouTube videos

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Disclosure: This is a guest post written by Jeeva Shanmugan

YouTube is the biggest video-sharing platform accessible on the web, there are a huge number of video recordings uploaded every day to YouTube. YouTube doesn’t allow users to download their video recordings straightforwardly to devices.

Be that as it may, there are bunches of third-party tools to download YouTube videos however the vast majority of them are scams.

[1] Freemake Video Downloader – Download YouTube Videos Freely

“Freemake YouTube Video Downloader” is one of the most dependable free YouTube video downloaders accessible on the web. Freemake Video Downloader download YouTube videos for free in MP4, WebM, 3GP, and Flash FLV designs.

freemake free YouTube video downloader that offers users to download online videos quickly and effectively from YouTube, Facebook, Vimeo, Dailymotion, Twitch, LiveLeak, Veoh, and local and adult sites.

The rundown is reliably refreshed to YouTube clips, videos, films, TV shows, series, motion pictures, how-to’s, interactive experiences, kid’s shows, audits, and so on from the Internet.

freemake free YouTube downloader for Windows PC Upholds 4K and HD quality video cuts. Users are able to download heavy 4K, Full HD, and HD files fast & easily and the interesting part is completely free.

freemake YouTube Video Downloader will show you a video size prior to saving it, users can set aside 500 YouTube videos at the same time. One major negative for a large portion of the users should be that the product isn’t straightforwardly obtained on the web. Users need to download the tool on their PC and need to utilize it, and YouTube’s Copyrighted videos can’t be downloaded utilizing this website. In the event that it doesn’t make any difference to you, it is one of the most amazing free YouTube Video downloaders accessible to download

Download Freemake Youtube video downloader for your device

[2] Videoder – Download YouTube Videos Freely

Videoder is likewise the best free YouTube Video Downloader; it is accessible on the web, and with the assistance of Videoer, users can download videos from over 50+ sites.

Videoder currently lets you download videos from sites like YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, Hotstar, Voot, and new ones are being added every week. Videoer also allows us to Stream or download 4K videos and play them on your Ultra HD devices.

Videoder enables multiple downloading features to make a collection of songs and videos while exploring and setting them to download in just one go. This is the power of downloading hundreds of songs with just a click.

Videoder uses multiple network connections to accelerate the downloading speed. Users can set the number of connections according to your network quality to gain maximum speed.

One of the best features of Videoder is the smart link detection tool. When users copy a link to any video, music, or media file Videoder detects the link and shows a popup to download.

With Videoder users can download youtube playlists with a single tap. They can select all videos or users can drag and select as many as they want and download them at once. And Videoer Supports over 1000+ popular sites to download content from it.

Downloader Videoder free YouTube Downloader to your device

[3] VidPaw – free Online YouTube video Downloader

Unlike both video downloaders, VidPaw is an online video downloader, users don’t need to download the tool, they can download YouTube videos freely directly from online.

It is one of the best positives for vidPaw. Free as VidPaw Online Video Downloader is, VidPaw doesn’t limit the number of downloads for users, which means that users can download no matter how many videos from any site as long as your device has enough storage.

VidPaw provides an intuitive and authentic video download solution, making it easy to download videos, songs, playlists, and subtitles online from any sites including YouTube, Vimeo, Instagram, Facebook, SoundCloud, and so forth.

Many look for a YouTube to MP4/MP3 Converter, and here is the right place to be. Be it MP4 or MP3, VidPaw YouTube Downloader makes it easy to download youtube videos to MP3 and MP4 without a hitch.

VidPaw supports various formats along with optional quality for videos and music. There are up to 8K, 4K, 2K, 1080p, 720p, 360p, 240p, 144p for MP4, 3GP, WebM as well as up to 320kbps, 256kbps, 128kbps, 96kbps, 64kbps for MP3, M4A.

so yet online Video Downloaderusers don’t need to sign up for membership to download videos freely from YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and other sites. It’s all free and intuitive. You don’t even spend a penny. VidPaw also supports 1000+ popular websites.

Try VidPaw free online YouTube video downloader on your device

[4] Loader – free YouTube video downloader

Personally I use this site to download YouTube videos for free. If you want to bring your videos in 4k with you anywhere and enjoy them while offline, or just watch them without spending lots of time in the wait.

the Loader.to free YouTube video downloader online is exactly what you are looking for, one of the best YouTube video downloaders for free available on the internet. Unlike other sites, it is trustworthy and popular, I will recommend this site to all of you. It is reliable and fast, forget all other sites if you want a quality YouTube video downloader. Whether you are a regular user or a newcomer, you should know that the process is really easy.

To download a video from YouTubejust copy the URL of the video, paste it on the “URL” field, select WEBM (4K Video) as a format, and then click on the download button!

To download an entire YouTube Playlist in 4K, follow the same steps as above, but choose the videos using the “Playlist Start” and “Playlist End” buttons, and then click download.

Loader.to supports the following formats for Youtube download and conversion: MP3 (audio), M4A (Audio), WEBM (Audio), AAC (Audio), FLAC (Audio), OPUS (Audio), OGG (Audio), WAV (Audio), MP4 (360p Video), MP4 (480p Video), MP4 (720p Video), MP4 (1080p Video), MP4 (1440p Video), and WEBM (8K Video).

Try using Loader.to a free online YouTube video downloader on your device

[5] ClipConverter- free YouTube downloader

ClipConverter is one of the best online sites that allow users to download videos and audio from different streaming sites, including YouTube, Facebook, Vimeo, etc.

This internet-based media converter allows you to glue the duplicated URL of the video or audio and pick a format to download. But one of the major negatives to using ClipConverter.cc is its authenticity, it causes sidetracks to questionable, frequently misleading, sites. For instance, it could open sites used to fool individuals into introducing possibly undesirable applications (PUAs), adware-type applications, and others.

If you are not comfortable with any of the above-mentioned sites then you can try ClipConverter.cc to download free YouTube videos. Or else you can try the above 4 YouTube video downloaders to download high-quality YouTube videos for free.

Try ClipConverter.cc free online YouTube video downloader on your device

These are definitely a few of the Best online video downloaders to download free YouTube videos out there!

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QLD DataFarming launches Series A $5 million round to help farmers use AI

QLD DataFarming launches Series A $5 million round to help farmers use AI

Australians are known for their love of technology and as early adopters, we look to tech to new tech to provide efficiencies and perhaps nowhere is more representative than in farming. Aussie farmers have run to agritech innovations to improve farming efficiencies, crop yields and reduce costs wherever possible.

DataFarming is a Queensland-based company that creates digital solutions across the country and the globe. With around 40% of Australian grain farms (28,000) using their Digital-Agronomist platform.

Agri-intelligence uses machine learning to derive real-time insights into agricultural production across the landscape. Their satellite imagery is updated every five days means farmers and agronomists can monitor their crops and pastures from above in near real-time. The fidelity of these images, allows farmers to drill down to a 70-centimeter by 70-centimeter resolution.

To continue driving this success, DataFarming has launched its Series A $5 million capital raise on the growAG. platform to support the development of its product suite and scale globally. Learn more about this investment opportunity here.

We’ve got a few products, including the cloud-based Digital Agronomist, which delivers satellite images to farmers every five days to help manage the variability they’re dealing with, whether it’s assessing crop yield in field or over time, or making decisions about fertilizer use.

This helps identify what’s causing production variability factors – and we’ve built tools like variable rate application to fix those problems. Almost every producer has an agronomist, but the ability for the agronomists to service more fields can be challenging. Technology can certainly assist agronomists and farmers to do a more thorough and faster job of checking crops.

We have taken a consultancy business, which is high value, high cost and high touch point and we’ve turned that around completely into a light touch point, mass market and low price point digital platform.

We are placing valuable, easy-to-use farm data into the hands of every agronomist and producer.

DataFarming Managing Director, Tim Neale

DataFarming cofounders, husband and wife, Tim and Peta Neale.
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Latest tech – new at JB! August 2022 – STACK

Latest tech – new at JB! August 2022

Discovering cool new technology is an exciting prospect! Each month we take a look at some of the latest tech products available from JB Hi-Fi.

Que: Nikon Z 30 Mirrorless Camera with 16-50mm VR Lens

Why: A decent quality camera nowadays not only offers brilliant still photography features, but stunning video quality as well – and the Nikon Z 30 is a prime example. A one-stop content creation powerhouse, it’s the lightest and most compact Z series camera to date, making it perfect for taking with you everywhere. It includes dual microphones for top notch sound, but naturally the visual features are key to the experience, and the Z 30 packs a wallop. For starters, the sensor is 14 times bigger than those in most phones, delivering a huge improvement in video quality at up to 4K, and making image noise a thing of the past when shooting at night. Special eye and pet detection helps you nab those hard to catch moments perfectly, plus there are 20 real-time filters that can eliminate the need for post-processing – just do it in-camera! Wi-Fi connectivity, a pop-out, fully-adjustable touch sensitive LCD monitor and customizable buttons help to seal the deal.

Quien: If you’re a content creator on a budget, but looking for the best results for your buck, this really is a must-play-with powerhouse camera.

Buy now at JB Hi-Fi

Que: Breville the Barista Express Impress Manual Coffee Machine

Why: If you’re a serious coffee connoisseur then you’ll need a little convincing that you need to go with a top shelf coffee machine. This latest wonder from Breville delivers where it counts, with a huge range of the features that you need for that perfect cuppa. Utilizing their “4 Keys Formula’, these machines are designed to use the perfect dose of freshly ground beans, ensure precise temperature control, maintain optimal water pressure and finally create true frothy microfoam milk that’s absolutely essential for latte art – just like professional café machines deliver. Armed with the Barista Express Impress you’ll have all the necessary tools to concoct your optimal blend, from intelligent dosing via its integrated conical burr grinder (complete with 25 grind settings, through to a professional style 54mm stainless steel portafilter to deliver full flavor with both dual and single wall filters.Full bodied coffee just how you like it – mmm!

Quien: How could anybody who really loves their coffee pass up the chance to put this beauty in pride of place in their kitchen?

Buy now at JB Hi-Fi

LG CineBeam HU715Q 4K UHD Ultra Short Throw Projector

Que: LG CineBeam HU715Q 4K UHD Ultra Short Throw Projector

Why: Projector technology has come a long way since the days of noisy old clunkers that required a massive space in order to deliver a decent screen size. LG are masters of the short throw projector, with their technology allowing placement of the CineBeam HU715Q a mere 31.7cm from the projection surface for a huge 120-inch screen. You can forget the fuzzies, too, as the CineBeam delivers crisp vision right up to 4K resolution, using its 8.3 mega pixel laser technology, and all with a superb contrast ratio, including HDR support, and top-notch color accuracy. It’s also a peach to set up, with an inbuilt ambient sensor that automatically recognizes the lighting conditions and adjusts the brightness mode accordingly, while adaptive contrast gives more depth to your image by adaptively adjusting the laser output. Running webOS 6.0 and connected to Wi-Fi there’s a world of popular streaming options at your fingertips, too.

Quien: Anyone who’s after the full cinema-at-home experience is sure to marvel at the picture quality that the CineBeam HU715Q achieves.

Buy now at JB Hi-Fi

Fujifilm Instax Mini Link 2

Que: Fujifilm Instax Mini Link 2

Why: If you love the impromptu nature of instant photo prints, but are already carrying a camera around in your phone, Fujifilm have the perfect solution – their Instax Mini Link 2 portable printer. Easily connected to your mobile by the wonders of Bluetooth, it delivers the ability to print out photos right there in the moment – ​​and with a whole lot of personalisation, too. One of the coolest new features of the Mini Link 2 app and its focus on getting creative is an AR drawing mode. It responds in real time to the printer’s movements, allowing the addition of all sorts of fun graphics such as bubbles, petals, neon, spray paint or even glitter to your shot before printing. Or, you can draw onscreen with a finger. Plus, each print only takes 15 seconds, then around 90 more to develop, or you can share your enhanced images straight to your socials. As long as you’re armed with enough photo paper you can print around 100 memories from a single charge.

Quien: If being social is your thing, what better way is there to spread the love than by printing out and sharing memorable moments instantly?

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Play with your iPhone like never before with this controller that is licensed by Sony

Play with your iPhone like never before with this controller that is licensed by Sony

Play-with-your-iphone-like-never-before-with-this-controller.jpg” width=”980″ height=”565″ >

If one of the things you like to do most with your iPhone is to play and, in addition, you are a lover of everything that Sony does in this regard, there is good news for you. This is because Sony puts on the market an officially licensed controller that is designed to be used with Apple phones.

The name of the accessory is Backbone One – PlayStation Edition and it has a completely recognizable design compared to the rest of the controls that are compatible with Sony consoles. An example of what we say is the placement and drawings of the buttons and, also, additional options such as the finish and the triggers. By the way, it is possible to get the new controller both in color white like in black (the first exclusive to iPhones), so you may select what works best for you.

back bone

How Sony’s new iPhone remote works

Obviously, the use has no mystery: you have to use the joysticks and buttons to control what you do in the games. And, to place the iPhone on the controller, there is a hollow The central one in which the terminal is placed fits perfectly -so there is no risk of falling-. In addition, there is a port of Connectionwhich supplies the necessary energy for the accessory to work with all its options.

But what is really interesting, and taking into account that Sony’s cloud service is becoming difficult, what this device offers is the possibility of running the application PS Remote Play to access the games you own on PS4 and PS5. In this way, and if they are compatible, you can use them with the iPhone easily and anywhere (but yes, to do this you have to access the Internet, so you consume data or you will have to be connected to a WiFi).

back bone

Something that is quite interesting is that the new Sony controller has a fairly wide compatibility, since according to the manufacturer itself you will not have any problem to be able to use other services that exist in the market -such as Xbox Game Pass Ultimate or Call of Duty: Mobile-. By the way, also App Store games from Apple may be used. Therefore, we speak of great possibilities.

Controller options and prices

Bearing in mind that the new command is compatible with all iPhones on the market, you may be wondering if this device will come to Android. And the truth is that it will. But, yes, we will have to wait until November for this to happen. When it comes to price, this is about 100 euroswhich is not exactly the cheapest that can be found, but taking into account what this accessory offers and being official from Sony… More than one will surely believe that it is well worth spending a little more.

>

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TikTok ramps up its gaming initiative by adding mini-games to the platform

TikTok ramps up its gaming initiative by adding mini-games to the platform

Video platform TikTok has added mini-games to the service to test the waters before making a push into gaming.

As reported by TechCrunch, TikTok’s gaming pilot includes partnered developers such as Voodoo, Nitro Games, FRVR, Aim Lab, and Lotem, with these developers being involved with the nine currently available mini-games. This comes off the heels of TikTok partnering with mobile gaming developer Zynga for the release of the game Crazy Disc 3D exclusively on TikTok.

A spokesperson from the company revealed to TechCrunch that “we’re always looking at ways to enrich our platform and regularly test new features and integrations that bring value to our community,” and continued to state “currently, we’re exploring bringing HTML5 games to TikTok through integrations with third-party game developers and studios.”

TikTok
TikTok CREDIT: Brent Lewin/Bloomberg

It is also noted that “the initiative is in the very early stages of testing”, and that none of the games are currently monetized with adds or in-game purchases, with the pilot simply being a test to see how users of the service interact with and create content around the games.

The games can be accessed via the “Add Link” option, which leads to a “MiniGame” tab, however Crazy Disc 3D is listed separately at the time of publication. The games are available in both the UK and US versions of the app.

TikTok also released mini-game Garden Of Good for the app last June in partnership with Feeding America, and is accessible to all US users over the age of 18. The description reads: “Garden of Good is centered around the education of food items that are most in-need at local food banks across the nation.” The platform worked with the nonprofit organization “to incorporate these insights and nutritional facts about these food items,” with it providing “real-time updates/progress in the fight to provide hunger relief.”

In other news, PUBG: Battlegrounds is getting an Assassin’s Creed crossover event next month.

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Apple takes down online Apple Store for ‘updates’ [u]

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The Apple Store is offline in the US and most — but not all — territories worldwide.

The online Apple Store is currently showing its familiar “We’ll be right back,” notice, along with the information that “updates are coming to the Apple Store.” Unusually, the Store is not offline worldwide, however.

At time of writing, the US, Australia, UK, and major European are showing variations on the “Check again soon” message. But the Store in other regions, including China, Japan and New Zealand, is operating normally.

There are no Apple products due to be added through any announced pre-order release. It’s conceivable that Apple will make an unannounced addition, but it’s unlikely, given that the Store is not down worldwide.

The US Apple Store does include products such as certain accessories that are not available elsewhere. However, if it isn’t due to maintenance issues, it’s most likely that Apple is about to unveil some promotion.

Apple is currently offering a promotion in China that, until the end of Monday, August 1, 2022, features rare discounts on many products.

Update 04:10 Eastern: the store is back up

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How to turn on the new iPhone sound recognition feature

How to turn on the new iPhone sound recognition feature

Manzana‘s sound recognition tool, which allows users to be alerted when their phones detect specific sounds in their environments, is getting both a fun and useful customization upgrade with iOS 16.

The new accessibility feature lets iPhone owners create and record their own alert sounds, rather than relying on the pre-programmed options for household, people, and environmental sounds, to help deaf users be alerted to actions happening around them.

SEE ALSO:

How to undo send iMessages in iOS 16

Users with disabilities can set sound alerts for their medical devices, for example, or their homes’ unique doorbells, or the electronic jingles specific to their appliances. Sound recognition can also be incorporated into accessibility shortcuts (which can be found at the bottom of the accessibility menu in your phone settings), and easily turned on and off in the iPhone Control Center (just swipe down from the top right of your phone screen ).

How to set your own custom sound recognition alerts

Apple already has a plethora of sounds your phone is able to detect and alert you to, including police sirens, fire alarms, and breaking glass, but to be alerted to specific sounds in your home, a personal device, or something else with a specific or unusual noise, use the new customization tools.

1. Go to your phone “Settings” menu and select “Accessibility”

A screenshot of the iPhone settings menu, with a red circle around the word

The accessibility settings menu offers a wide variety of features to make your device easier to use.
Credit: Apple / Mashable

Find all new and existing accessibility features in your iPhone or iPad Accessibility settings.

2. Scroll to the section labeled “Hearing” and select “Sound Recognition”

A screenshot of the accessibility menu, with a red circle around the phrase

Sound recognition can later be adjusted in the Control Center.
Credit: Apple / Mashable

Sound recognition, and other features designed specifically with the deaf and hard of hearing community in mind, can be found in the “hearing” section of your iPhone’s accessibility settings.

3. Choose any of the “custom” options at the bottom of each sound category

A screenshot of the sound recognition menu, with two red circles around the custom sound options.

Custom options are at the bottom of each category.
Credit: Apple / Mashable

Sound recognition divides the alert noises into various categories, from emergency alarms to people. Scroll to the bottom of each category to find a customization option that most closely aligns with the object you want to record, whether an alarm or appliance. Custom options should appear as a blue, clickable link.

4. Name and record your custom sound

A screenshot of the sound recognition screen after selecting

Alert yourself to a special device using the “custom appliance or doorbell” option.
Credit: Apple / Mashable

After selecting the custom option, your device will prompt you with three simple steps — name, record, and set alert.

A screenshot of the custom sound screen, with the user choosing a personalized sound name.

Get ready to make some noise once prompted, or ask for assistance from another person if needed.
Credit: Apple / Mashable

A screenshot of the custom sound screen. The user is asked to play the sound 5 times.

Credit: Apple / Mashable

First, name the sound you wish to record. You will then be prompted to get the device or object ready to make its sound. Once ready, select the blue “Start Listening” button — your phone will need to hear the object or device at least five times and will let you know when it’s successfully created the alert.

et voila. Your sound will now be saved under the personalized name you’ve chosen. Simply make sure the new alert is turned on — you can also adjust the alert tones that play when a sound recognition goes off — and go about your day.

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YouTube Shorts can now be easily created from existing long-form videos

YouTube Shorts can now be easily created from existing long-form videos

Short format media has been dominating lately, with bite-sized and easily digestible clips gaining a resurgence thanks to apps like TikTok. Because of this, YouTube introduced its take on short-form videos called Shorts, encouraging users to experiment with shorter media on its platform. From now on, YouTube will make it easier for creators to make Shorts, allowing them to take existing content in their library, edit it, and upload their new creations to YouTube.

Creators can head to the YouTube Studio app and choose from any long-form video in their library, select up to 60 seconds, and create Shorts. Users will have access to all of the same tools found in the web-based version of YouTube Studio, like the timeline editor, filters, music, and more. Furthermore, creators can add additional footage as needed from their gallery if it does not meet the 60-second requirement. Creators will also be able to fill in content by using the Shorts camera. Best of all, Shorts created using existing videos on YouTube will have links to the original videos. The feature is currently rolling out to iOS and Android devices.

While short-form videos are having a moment, flourishing on platforms like TikTok and YouTube, other platforms like Instagram are struggling to capitalize. Recently, Instagram released a new change to its feed, displaying full-screen images and videos. Unfortunately, this change didn’t go down well, as users began to complain en masse, requiring Instagram’s CEO to address the changes. As a result, the company eventually back-peddled, reverting the feed to its previous incarnation. Despite this, Instagram has committed itself to evolving and pursuing a future that is leaning more toward videos and away from its roots of still images. It’s hard to tell how this will all pan out, but one thing is sure, today’s trend could quickly and abruptly end as soon as tomorrow.

SourceYouTube Help

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Researchers Advance Microfluidic Holographic Cyto-Tomography

Researchers Advance Microfluidic Holographic Cyto-Tomography

A team of researchers recently published a paper in the journal Optics and Lasers in Engineering that demonstrated the feasibility of using digital holography-based three-dimensional (3D) tomographic flow cytometry for high-throughput cell analysis.

Study: On the hydrodynamic mutual interactions among cells for high-throughput microfluidic holographic cyto-tomography. Image Credit: pinkeyes/Shutterstock.com

Limitations of Imaging Flow Cytometry

Imaging flow cytometry is often used as a robust measurement technique in healthcare, life sciences, and clinical diagnostics. It combines high-resolution spectroscopic and optical information with conventional flow cytometry technology.

Fluorescence and brightfield imaging modules typically record cells flowing in a microfluidic channel to obtain their chemical and morphological insights through fluorescence and optical signal colocalization.

Although the realizable throughput of the imaging flow cytometry systems is up to tens of thousands of cells per second, these systems are based on fluorescent analysis and provide only a single two-dimensional (2D) projection of a 3D object.

Digital Holography as an Alternative to Imaging Flow Cytometry

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) was recently proposed as a low-cost alternative to imaging flow cytometry systems to detect cells rapidly. Digital holography, a non-destructive and non-contact 3D microscopy technique, is considered an effective tool for cell imaging by QPI in biomedical applications.

During the conventional digital holography cell imaging, cells are kept in Petri dishes to complete necessary recordings through their non-stained real-time observation, specifically for studying the cell division process, cell drug response, and cell morphogenesis.

In-focus imaging of each cell can be retrieved easily due to the ability of digital holography to obtain numerical focus after the recording process.

However, a limited number of cells can be observed using this type of microscopic technique, which is a significant drawback. Microfluidic channels can be combined with digital holography-based cell imaging to overcome the drawback.

Digital Holography-Based 3D Tomographic Flow Cytometry to Achieve High-Throughput Cell Analysis

Opto-fluidic holographic microscopy has gained considerable attention in the last decade to meet the requirements of holographic flow-cytometry, a high-precision, high-throughput cell flow imaging technique.

In flow cytometry conditions, using digital holography as the imaging module can eliminate the number of cell observations limitations due to its label-free QPI and multi-refocusing capabilities.

The combination between flow cytometry and QPI has been used effectively for crucial biomedical applications, such as cancer cell identification and human leukemic cell classification. Cell rolling-based flow cytometry development to achieve 3D phase contrast tomography has recently opened a new possibility for tomography.

In this approach, the cell’s rolling behavior replaces the mechanical scanning during digital holography recording to achieve 3D phase-contrast tomography in a conventional holographic microscopy system without using any particular setup. This strategy can effectively reconstruct the 3D refractive index map/3D phase contrast tomogram of every flowing cell, such as circulating tumor cells and blood cells.

The complete rotation of any cell in the field of view (FOV) must be ensured to achieve the 3D phase-contrast tomography of the flowing cells in a microfluidic channel. In contrast to the conventional tomographic imaging systems, the in-flow phase-contrast tomography must assess the cells along their flowing paths, which makes a detailed understanding of the cell microfluidic dynamics essential.

Although several cells can be analyzed in the same FOV to increase the system throughput, no investigations have been made until now to evaluate the effects of hydrodynamic interactions on the rotation of very adjacent cells in a tomographic flow cytometer to determine the maximum achievable throughput.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Digital Holography-based 3D Tomographic Flow Cytometry

In this study, researchers studied the hydrodynamic interactions between the adjacent rotating cells within a microfluidic channel to investigate the impact on motion dynamics when the cells were close to each other by performing a numerical and experimental simulation of the fluid dynamics.

Researchers performed experiments using highly concentrated samples to image tens of cells in the FOV simultaneously. A digital holography tool was used to recover and analyze the cell dynamics, including rotation, speed, and 3D tracking of cell position, in a microfluidic experimental scenario observed in tomography.

The ability of digital holography to numerically retrieve the 3D cell positions made the technique specifically suitable for combining with flow cytometry modality. Digital holography was used to collect the experimental data needed to investigate the local changes in the flow properties due to the hydrodynamic interactions among the adjacent cells.

The worst-case within the recorded holographic sequence where a group of five cells flowing very adjacent was modeled to quantify the hydrodynamic interactions between the cells by integrating the numerical simulations with experimental observations.

Research Findings

In the imaged FOV, all cells performed more than one complete rotation, during which they were displaced less than 200 micrometers in the flow direction. This observation from the simulation was consistent with the experimental observation, which showed that necessary full cell rotation could be obtained within the y-axis FOV of 235 micrometers.

Although hydrodynamic interactions led to a quantitative effect on the cell rotational behavior, the cells could still complete necessary rotation without being considerably affected by the adjacent cells within the FOV.

Cell deformation due to hydrodynamic interactions was completely negligible, which allowed reliable reconstruction of the 3D refractive index tomograms of the five analyzed cells. An upper bound of the throughput of the holographic flow-cyto-tomograph was determined by extending this local analysis to the entire FOV.

The holographic cyto-tomographic measurement throughput was considerably increased compared to the conventional tomographic flow-cytometry as more cells could be analyzed simultaneously since interactions among adjacent cells were non-significant.

The xy-section of the microfluidic channel imaged by the digital holography microscope measured 200 micrometers × 235 micrometers. The system throughput can be increased up to 50 cells per frame by cropping a central region of analysis of 160 micrometers × 215 micrometers from the microfluidic channel xy-section and considering the worst-case five cells occupied a 60 micrometers × 60 micrometers region. A maximum of 30 tomograms can be recorded inside the 160 micrometers × 215 micrometers active area as each cell took an average of 40-45 seconds to cross the FOV.

Throughput can also be improved further by increasing the flow rate since no mechanical deformation was observed due to hydrodynamic interactions. A single full rotation was sufficient for the reconstruction of the tomogram.

In the experimental results, the cell experienced 1.5 rotations on average and could take 25-30 seconds to undergo a full rotation within the observed FOV. Therefore, the upper bound of the potential throughput can be increased to 50-60 tomograms per second by setting the correct flow rate.

The angular sampling could be reduced by implementing more performing tomographic algorithms or increasing the camera frame rate to improve the tomographic accuracy.

To summarize, the findings of this study demonstrated that digital holography-based 3D tomographic flow cytometry could provide high-throughput cell analysis. However, more research is required for the system’s future development to adopt it in biomedical applications.

Reference

Pirone D, Memmolo P, Xin L. et al. (2022) On the hydrodynamic mutual interactions among cells for high-throughput microfluidic holographic cyto-tomography. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143816622002433

Disclaimer: The views expressed here are those of the author expressed in their private capacity and do not necessarily represent the views of AZoM.com Limited T/A AZoNetwork the owner and operator of this website. This disclaimer forms part of the Terms and conditions of use of this website.

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Explorations in UI/UX design: The link between technology & art | The Advertiser – Cessnock

Explorations in UI/UX design: The link between technology & art | The Advertiser - Cessnock

Explorations in UI/UX design: The link between technology & art

As humankind continues to shape digital technologies to behave as an extension of their own almost instinctual thought processes, designing user interfaces has morphed from being perceived as a scientific process filled with linear pathways, to a more creative and perhaps even intuitive, multi-dimensional art form in its own right.

Admittedly, not all UX designers will readily refer to UI or UX design as an ‘art form’, particularly because there is a fair amount of behavioral psychology that goes into producing intuitive user interfaces.

Even so, there’s no denying that this branch of technological design requires just as much imagination and ‘outside-the-box’ thinking as it does require critical thought.

But how does UX differ from UI, and is it right to label either avenue as more technical or artistic as the other? We’ll be taking a closer look at these two interlinking disciplines in order to help Aussie students learn how best to hit the ground running when starting a career in either UX or UI design.

The role of the UX designer

While user interface design is isolated to creating two-dimensional or purely digital products, UX (or ‘user experience’) can involve developing both physical and digital creations.

Regardless of whether you’re building a physical product or digital interface, UX design projects are naturally concerned with maintaining a user-centric or ‘human-first approach’ to the design process.

This user-oriented process is what enables UX designers to produce structural design solutions that actively cater to user needs and address common user pain points that were observed in past implementations.

Simply put, it is the responsibility of the UX designer to use design theories in accordance with historical data and findings from user testing and prototyping to create the best possible technological solution to fulfill a set of defined user needs.

The preliminary stages of any UX design project will always involve the process of UX mapping. The nature of UX mapping generally requires user experience designers to also be good spatial thinkers, with an ability to map out and follow a wide selection of ‘pathways’.

As UX design also often involves connecting pre-existing pathways up to sections of an interface that’s still being developed, UX designers are also expected to think in the abstract on a regular basis.

If you possess the skills we’ve outlined above and hold a passion for the technical side of the design process, chances are you may just have what it takes to be a talented UX designer.

Dabbling in UI design & development

But what if you’re more passionate about the aesthetics of interactive elements over the formatting and functionality of those elements? Well then you’re likely to be more aligned with UI design over the highly technical process of UX design.

UI (or ‘user interface’) design is the yin to UX’s yang. The two processes work together in order for user interfaces to be highly user-friendly, both with regards to their structure and their presentation.

That being said, UI design does entail so much more than just fine-tuning color palettes. There are also elements of strategy behind good user interface design, with UI designers also tasked with pinpointing where best to include visual elements to enhance or draw user attention to specific functions.

For instance, mobile apps with swiping mechanics are likely to include a small animation to denote to users that they can swipe between pages. But what happens when a user swipes to the ‘end’ of a swipe side menu?

And what about what happens when users interact incorrectly with other navigational styles? UI designers are actually the ones who decide here. All the animations or small responsive actions created by your interactions with an app are likely to have been created by UI designers.

As UI designers are concerned with designing a user interface’s intuitive responses, typography, button design, imagery, and all other visual elements, UI design is generally considered to be a more ‘right-brained’ approach to digital design.

And whilst UI design is arguably less technical than UX, this design discipline still possesses its fair share of theory, including explorations within the realm of behavioral psychology.

The art of problem solving in UX/UI design

Believe it or not, but the way we interact with our digital interfaces says more about the human brain than it does our collective design thinking capabilities.

UX and UI design principles were actually developed to revolve around user behavior over user expectations, which is precisely why some user interfaces can feel like an extension of your mind and thought processes.

The whole mechanism of swiping down to move down a screen and vice versa is in itself, a natural response that the majority of human brains are likely to have.

Alongside this, designing in accordance with behavioral theories can also inspire users to perform certain actions both within and surrounding a user interface. A great example here is an app using emotive language or imagery to elicit a sympathetic response from users, or sending notifications with rhetorical questions or calls to action to inspire user engagement.

This is precisely the reason why many UX and UI designers believe that the process of interface design is far more scientific than it is artistic. And to be fair, they aren’t wrong here either.

Even so, there is a level of undeniable artistry in the way that both UX and UI designers go about solving user problems. Finding the most novel and still intuitive pathways in order to fulfill a user need or inspire a desired user interaction requires creative thinking just as much as it does critical thinking, which is why UX and UI design still fall under the umbrella of digital design rather than ‘development’.

How to get started in UX & UI

If human-first approaches to design sounds like a fascinating area of ​​study for you, then we highly encourage you to enroll in a UX or UI design course. There are an abundance of UI/UX courses available to students who are eager to learn, including both on-campus and online programs.

Alongside enrolling in tertiary courses, students can also take full advantage of all the physical and digital learning resources available to them.

There are a growing number of UX design blogs, digital magazines, and online forums that can be accessed anywhere in the world so that students can engage in self-study alongside seeking academic and professional opportunities.

As user interface and experience design are both fairly young disciplines that are growing rapidly alongside the digital transformation of global industries, there truly has never been a better time than now to start picking up these highly employable and highly ‘future-proof multidisciplinary skills.